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In the Name of God,
Most Merciful, Most Compassionate
Islamic Belief
Is the faith in Allah [Almighty God], His angels, His revealed books, His Messengers and his Prophets, the Predestination, the Hour [Day of Judgment], the gathering of bodies, that the re-creation will be as its origination, the Reckoning, the Balance, then the eternal life in Heaven or in Hell, and that the entry of paradise is because of the grace of Allah.
And that Islam is built on: the testimony [Shada] that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing prayer, paying Zakat [yearly charity], fasting [month of] Ramadan, and performing Hajj to whom can afford it.
And that this world has been found after nullity and its creator is Allah (may He be Glorified and Exalted), and that He verily exists from ancientness [He is the First], persists, he is contrary to events [He begets not, nor was He begotten], and has Independence [means does not need for place], Oneness, Life, knowledge, Ability, Will, Hearing, Sight, Speech. And he is Alive, All-Knowing, All-Able, knows, hears, sees and talks [the words of old], and if he wants something, he says “To Be”, then it is.
And it is impossible about himself having the inverse of such perfect attributes, and can’t be described by a dimension, essence, body, color, nor a smell and he is not like any creation and there is nothing like him ever. And we do not speak or think in his fundamental nature, and there is nothing impossible with him, who may wish to do it or not. And we don’t argue in the Spirit, not to agree with the Cytoplasm (i.e. classical elements theory). And the Faith of Despair does not benefit [just before death].
And that Allah (may He be Glorified and Exalted) has many prophets whom the first is Adam and the last is Muhammad, peace be upon them all, and he who granted them with miracles and signs, and they must have infallibility and truthfulness, honesty and impossible for them the inverse, and there was not any Prophet who has an offensive disability ever, and that Allah’s salves [Humans] have real gain of movement and stillness because of His will, knowledge, and predestine.
And that the people of confession [Christians and Jews living among Muslims] get what Muslims get [of benefits], and they have to afford what Muslims have to afford [of dues], and that who dies is dead because of his time [age] end, and retribution for the offense [in case of killing], and we do not rebel on our governors, although they maybe injustice, nor take off hand from their obedience, and see it’s an ordinance to obey them if they obey Allah's orders, and we say that Imam [i.e. governor] should be set on the nation if there is no one left [i.e. died, quit, his period ends].
And we avoid mentioning the companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, except for good, and confirm the succession after the Prophet, peace be upon him, is for Abu Baker, then Omar, then Othman, then Ali, and they are the Rightly Guided Caliphs, may Allah be pleased them all, and prefer the two Sheikhs [i.e. Abu Baker and Omar], and we love the Sons-of-Law [i.e. Othman and Ali], and absolve Aisha [prophet’s wife] from the slander, and do not go into what went on among the companions, as it was reasoning.
And we avoid: disbelief, polytheism, adultery, obscenity, drinking alcohol even the minimum [drop] and every intoxicant and not to accompany who’s having it. And theft, murder unlawfully, false-testimony, perjury, and running away from the battlefield without an excuse, taking usury, and eating the wealth of the orphan.
And we avoid: disobeying one's parents and not being compassionate to them, cutting the uterus [avoid one’s relatives], lying, especially on the Prophet [referring to him what he never said], peace be upon him, and breaking the fasting [during Ramadan day] deliberately with no excuse. And false weighing [i.e. cheating in balance, to reduce its weight but keeping its price]. And delaying or advancing a prayer from its time, and leaving one of the pillars of Islam. And the despair of the mercy of Allah, and [feeling of] safety from penalty [to believe he will be forgiven whatever may do]. And eating the dead meat [cattle not slaughtered], and swine unless being forced to.
And we avoid: Backbiting, gossiping, gambling and extravagance, seeking on Earth by corruption and banditry, and addiction to trivial things [bad deeds], helping to sin and recommending them, and uncover one’s parts [i.e. pelvic region] in the presence of others or alone without excuse.
And we avoid: committing suicide or destruction of one’s organs, disbelieving in fate, the treachery of the people and cheating them, the ratification of a prediction of foreteller or astrologist, and slaughtering of animals for the name of a creature, and promoting of a misdeed, and killing or hunting in the sacred city [of Mecca], spying and insults, especially saying to a Muslim: “O infidel”. And we don’t dismiss [a muslim] because of guilt or sin freely committed, and not to say a sin does not require penalty with one’s faith.
And we avoid: entering others house without their permission, grabbing people’s money and taking bribes, looking at the prohibited [nude], and being alone and privately with a stranger [woman]. And slandering as saying to someone: “O licentious” and cursing others, even an animal. And satirizing and peeking into people's homes. And abandonment [other Muslim] over three days and frequent quarrel without knowledge. And wearing silk dress except for children [and women of course], and the monopoly of sustenance.
And we avoid: selling during Friday’s prayer, and the separation between a mother and her children [woman or any female animal]. And eating ruined food. And avoid having blood or other impurities in someone’s body, clothing and place, nor eating, drinking, touching or using them. And causing damage to creatures, even by a blinking. And praying in front of an image [or statue]. And using food and serving implements made from gold or silver. And kissing someone with a desire [except spouse].
And we avoid: discontinuing of worship, leaving Friday’s prayer and the group [of Muslims] with no excuse. And eating over satiety, having bad thought [of others], envy, arrogance, self-esteem and pretending. And talking during Friday’s prayer speech and during Koran reciting. And promise breaking, and deposit treason [not returning it to its owner], and to engage in any falsehood argument [useless]. And disclosure of secrets. And occupying [or blocking] people’s road for selling or anything else, and breaking a legal covenant, intolerance, and hypocrisy.
And we consider wiping [by hand] over the socks [instead of feet washing in ablution, with conditions], and charity is highly desirable. The prayer and supplication to Allah is required, and it’s beneficial for the living and dead [Muslims].
O Allah, make us among who you guided them to the straight path.
Praise is to Allah, Lord of the Worlds.
By Sheikh Hamza Mahmoud
(Former Mufti of Damascus)
(Former Mufti of Damascus)
May God have mercy on his soul.
Translated by: muslim.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------بِسْمِ اللهِ الرّحمنِ الرّحِيم
العَقيدة الإسْلاميَّةُ
هيَ الإيمَانِ بالله تَعَالى, ومَلَائِكَتِهِ, وَكُتُبِهِ الْمُنزلَةِ, وَرُسُلِهِ وَالأنْبِياَء, واَلَقَضاَء والقَدَرِ, والسَّاعَة, وَحَشْرِ الأجْسَاد, وأنَّ الخَلْقَ كَمَا بُدِءَ يُعَادُ, والحِسَابِ, واَلْمِيزَانِ, وَبَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ الأبَدِيَّتَان, وَدُخولِ الجَنَّة بِفَضلِ الله تَعَالى.
وَأنَّ الإسلاَمَ بُنِيَ على شَهَادَةِ أنْ لاَ إِلهَ إلاَّ اللهَ وَأنَّ مُحَمَّدا رَسولُ اللهِ وِإقَامِ الصَّلاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكاة وَصَوْمِ رَمَضانَ واَلحَجّ عَلَى المستْطِيعِ.
وأنَّ هَذا العاَلمَ وجِدَ بَعْد العَدَمِ وَموجدُهُ هُوَ الله تَعَالى, وأنّه يَجِبُ لَهُ تَعَالى الوُجوُدُ واَلقِدَمُ , وَالبَقاءُ , وَمُخاَلَفةُ الأحْدَاث, واَلقِيامُ بِنَفْسِهِ أيْ لاَ يَحْتَاجُ الى مَكَان , وَالوحْدانيَّة , والحَياةُ وَالعِلمُ وَالقُدْرَةُ , وَالإرَادَةُ , وَالسَمَعُ , وَالبَصَرُ , وَالكَلَامُ , وَأنَّهُ حَيٌّ عَليمٌ قَادِرٌ مُريدٌ سَميعٌ بَصيرٌ مُتَكلّمٌ بِكَلَام قَديمٍ. وأنَّ أمرهُ إذاَ أرادَ شيئاً أنْ يَقولَ لهُ كُنْ فَيكُونُ.
وَيسْتَحيلُ في حقِّهِ تَعَالى أضْدادهاَ , وَلاَ يُوصَفُ تَعَالى بِعَرَضٍ وَلَا جَوْهرٍ وَلَا جسْمٍ وَلَا بِاللَّونِ وَلَا بِالرَّائِحةِ وَلَا يُشْبِهُ الخلْقْ ولَيْسَ كَمِثلِهِ شيئٌ . وَلَا نَتَكلَّمُ في ذَاتِهِ تَعَالى بالعَقْلِ , وَيجوُزُ لَهُ فِعْلُ الممكِنَاتِ وَتَرْكُهَا. وَلا نَخوضَ في الرّوح وَلا نَقُولُ بِقِدَم الهَيُولي ( أيْ العَنَاصر), وَإيمانُ اليأسِ لَا يَنفَعُ .
وَأن للهِ تَعَالى أنبِياءَ أوَّلُهُم آدَمُ وَآخِرُهُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى الله تَعَالى وَسَلَّم عَليهِم اجْمَعين أكرَمَ مَنْ أكْرَمَ مِنْهُمْ بالمعجِزَاتِ والآيات, يَجب لَهُمُ العِصْمَة والصِدْقُ وَالاَمانةُ وَيَستحِيل عليهِمْ أضْدَّادُهَا , وَلَم يَكُن نبيٌّ صَاحِبَ عَاهَةٍ مُنفِّرةٍ قَطٌ , وَأن لِلعِبَادِ كَسْباً عَلَى الحَقيقَة مِنْ حَرَكةٍ وَسكُونٍ بِمَشيئَتِهِ تَعَالى وَعِلْمِهِ وَقَضَائِهِ وَقَدرِهِ.
وأن لأهل الذِّمَّةِ مَا لأهلِ الإسلاَم وَعَليهِم مَا عَليهم , وَالمقْتُول مَيّتٌ بِأجَلِهِ وَالقِصَاصُ لِلمُخَالَفَةِ , وَلا نرىَ الخُروُجَ عَلى أئِمتناَ وَولاَةِ امورِناَ وَإن جاروُا وَلَا ندعُوا عَليْهم وَلا نَنزِعُ يَداً مِن طَاعَتِهم ونرى طَاعَتِهم فيِ طَاعَةِ اللهِ فَريضَةً , وَنَقولُ بِوجُوبِ نَصْبِ الإمَام عَلى الأمَّةِ عِنْدَ فَقْدِ.
وَلَا نَذكرُ أصحَاب النبيّ صَلىَ الله عَليهِ وَسَلم إلا بِخيرٍ , ونُثبِتُ الخِلافة بَعدَ النّبي صَلىَ الله عَليهِ وَسلّم إلا بِخيرٍ , ونُثبِتُ الخِلافة بَعدَ النّبي صَلىَ الله عَليهِ وَسلّم لأبي بَكر ثُم لعمر ثُم لِعثُمان ثُم لِعلي وَهم الخُلفاء الرَاشدون رَضي الله تَعَالى عنهم أجمَعينَ وَنفضِّلُ الشّيخين وَنحبُّ الخَتَنين, ونُبرَّئُ عائِشَةَ مِنْ الإفْك وَلا نَخوضُ فيماَ جَرىَ بين الصّحابة اذ هوَ اجتِهادٌ.
ونَجتنِبُ الكُفر وَالشِّركَ وَالزِّنا وَالفُحشَ وَشُربَ الخَمرِ وَإن قَلَّ, وَكلَّ مُسكرٍ, وَلَا نَحضُرُ مَعَ اهلِهِ عَلَيهِ, وَالسَّرِقةَ, وَقتْل النَّفسِ بِغَيِر حَقٍ. وَشَهَادةَ الزُّور, وَاليمين الكَاذبةَ, والفِراَر منَ الزَّحف بِلَا عُذرٍ. وَأكلَ الرّباَ, وَأكلَ مَالِ اليتيم.
وَعقوقَ الوالدَينِ أيِ العِصيانَ وَتَركَ الاحْسَان لَهُما , وَقطْعَ الرَّحِمِ , وَالكَذِبَ خصُوصَاً عَلى النَّبي صَلى اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَسلَّم. وَالإِفْطاَرَ عَمْداً بِلا عُذْرٍ. وَبَخسَ كيْل او وَزن اي نَقصَه. وَتقدِيمَ صَلاةٍ عَنْ وَقْتِهاَ او تَأخِيرها وَتَرْكَ رُكنٍ من أركَانِ الإسلامِ. وَاليأسَ منِ رَحمةِ الله تَعَالى, وَالأمنَ مِن مَكرِهِ. وَأكلَ الميتةِ من غَيرِ اضطِراَرٍ وَالخِنزير.
وَالغِيبَةَ وَالنَّميمَةَ, وَالقِمَارَ وَالسّرَفَ واَلسَّعيَ في الارضِ بِالفَسادِ وَقطْعَ الطَّريقِ. وَإدمَانَ الصَّغَائِرِ, وَالإِعَانَةَ عَلَى المعَاصي وَالحَثَّ عَلَيهاَ وَكشْفَ العَوْرةِ بِحَضْرَةِ النَّاسِ او بِغَيرِ حَضْرَتِهِم بِلاَ عُذرٍ.
وَقَتْلَ الانْسانِ نَفسِهِ او إِتلَافَ عِضوٍ مِنْ اعْضائِهِ. وِالتَّكذِيبَ بالقَدَرِ. وَغَدرَ الخلق وَغشَّهم. وَتَصدِيقَ كَاهِنٍ او مُنَجّمٍ بِخَبرِهِ. وَذَبْح الحَيَوَان لاِسمِ المخْلوقِ, وَالدُّعاءَ الى ضَلاَلةٍ مَا, واَلإلحَادَ في الحَرم أي هَتْكَ حُرْمَتِهِ, وَالتَّجسُّسَ وَالشَّتْمَ خُصوصاً بِقَولِهِ لِلمُسلِم يَا كَافِرُ . وَلَا نُكَفِّر بِذنْبٍ مِن الذُنوب بِمُطلَق ارتِكابِه, وَلَا نَقول أن الذَّنبَ لَا يَضُرُّ مَعَ الإيمَان.
وَدُخولَ بيتِ الغَيرِ بِدونِ إِذنِهِ وَغَصْبَ أموَالِ النَّاسِ وَأخذَ الرَّشوةِ , وَالنَّظر الى المحرَّمِ, وَالخَلوةَ بِالاجنبيَّةِ. وَالقذْفَ كَقَولِهِ يَا فَاجِرُ وَاللَّعنَ وَلَو لحَيَوانٍ . وَالهجوَ وَالتَّطلُّعَ الى بيوتِ النَّاسِ. وَالهجْرَ فَوقَ ثَلاثَةِ أيامٍ وَكَثرَة الخِصامِ بِغَيرِ عِلْمٍ. وَلُبسَ الحَرير وَإِلباسَهُ الصَّغيرَ, وَإحْتِكَار القوتِ.
وَالبَيع عِند الجمْعَةِ, وَالتَّفريقَ بَينَ صَغِيرٍ وَ كَبيرٍ مْحرَمٍ مِنْهُ. وَأكْلَ المنتن من الاطْعِمَةِ. وَنَتَجَنَّبُ النَّجاسَاتِ كَالدَّمِ وَغيْرَه في البَدَنِ وَالثَّوبِ وَالمكَانِ, وَاكْلَهَا وَشُرْبَهَا وَمَسَّهاَ وَاسْتعمَالَها. وَإِضرَارَ الخَلقِ وَلَو بِغَمزِ الَعيْنِ. وَالسُّجودُ وبينَ يَديِ السَّاجِدِ صورَةٌ. وَاسْتِعمالَ آنِيَةِ الذَّهبِ وَالفَضَّةِ. وَتَقبِيل الرَّجلِ فَمِ الرَّجل.
وَإِبطَالَ العِبَادَةِ بِلاَ عُذرٍ وَتَركَ الجُمُعَةِ وَالجَمَاعَةِ بِلَا عُذرٍ . وَالأكلَ فَوقَ الشّبِعِ, وَظَنَّ السُّوءِ, وَالحَسَدَ وَالكِبرَ وَالعُجْبَ وَ الرِّياءَ. وَالكَلَامَ عِندَ الخُطبَةِ وَعِندَ تِلَاوَةِ القُرآنِ. وَخُلفَ الوَعدِ في الخَبْرِ وَالخِياَنَة في الأَمَانَةِ, وَالخَوْضَ في البَاطِل أي الكَلَام فيماَ لاَ يَعْني. وَإِفشَاءَ السّرِ. وَشُغل الطَّريق بِبَيعٍ او غَيرِهِ , وَنَقضَ العَهْدِ المشرُوعِ وَالتَّعَصبَ وَالمداهَنَةَ.
ونَرى المسْحَ عَلى الخُفَّين, وَالصَّدَقَةُ أمْرٌ مَرغوبٌ . وَالدُّعَاء وَالتَضرُّع الى الله تَعَالى مَطلوبٌ, وَكِلاهُمَا نَافِعٌ عِنده للحَيّ وَالميْت ,
أللهُمّ اجعَلْنَا مِنَ الذِينَ هَدَيْتَهَم الى الصراطِ المسْتَقِيم.
وَالحَمْدُ لله ربِّ العَالمين .
تأليف الشيخ محمود حمزة
(مفتي دمشق سابقا) رحمه الله تعالى
